A master’s thesis at the College of Law at the University of Karbala dealt with the protection of civil defense personnel during armed conflicts, submitted by student Zulfiqar Jundi Daoud.

The study aimed to introduce members of the Civil Defense and then gain knowledge of the International Humanitarian Legal Center for them in order to ensure their protection in accordance with the rules of the aforementioned law.

The study concluded that it is difficult to prove the violations that civil defense personnel are exposed to during armed conflicts.

The study recommended the need to reconsider the legal status of civil defense personnel and provide protection for all civilian and military personnel, whether permanent or temporary contract holders.