Dental assistants assist the dentist in providing dental treatment more efficiently, by preparing the patient for treatment, sterilizing instruments, passing instruments during the procedure, holding suction devices, preparing dental radiographs,…
The electrical activity of the heart can be recorded using surface electrodes on the surface of the body. This tracking of electrical signals is called an electrocardiogram, or ECG, for…
Blood tests play an important role in the diagnosis and treatment of many cardiovascular conditions. Tropin is a cardiac biomarker that is very sensitive to impaired cardiac blood supply, being…
Heart disease is diagnosed by taking a medical history and physical examination, and some further investigations include blood tests, echocardiography, electrocardiogram, and cardiogram. Other procedures, such as cardiac catheterization, may…
The heart can also be affected by congenital diseases. These diseases include failure to close the oval hole, which occurs in 25% of people, [65] defects of the atrial or…
Diseases may affect the pericardium surrounding the heart. When the pericardium becomes infected, an inflammatory condition is called pericarditis. Pericarditis may result from infectious causes (such as glandular fever, cytomegalovirus,…
Abnormalities in the normal sinus rhythm can prevent the heart from pumping blood effectively and can often be identified on an electrocardiogram. Arrhythmias can cause an abnormal but regular heart…
Heart murmurs are abnormal heart sounds that can be associated with diseases or be benign, and they have several types. [58] There are normally two audible heart sounds, and the…
Cardiomyopathy is a marked deterioration in the ability of the heart muscle to contract. This can lead to heart failure. The causes of many types of cardiomyopathy are still not…
Heart failure occurs when the heart cannot pump enough blood to meet the body's needs.[52] Heart failure appears as a chronic condition, associated with age, and increases gradually.[55] One side…
