In addition to the techniques that dental implants rely on to ensure their success, the experience of the dental implant specialist and his knowledge of the anatomical parts of the mouth and teeth is important in raising the success rates of implants as well. As the fixation of the implants and the placement of the coating on them also depends on the accurate knowledge of the occlusion and the adjacent parts for optimal fixation and avoidance of any complications that may occur, following the important anatomical parts in both jaws: [22]
Parts in the lower jaw:
Mandibular canal.
Inferior Alveolar Canal In this channel, the inferior alveolar artery passes parallel to the inferior alveolar nerve, in addition to the presence of a vein and lymphatic vessels, which requires caution when placing the implant in the mandible, lest any of the artery or nerve be exposed to a cut or wound that causes bleeding or Loss of sensation in the targeted area of the jaw.
The extension of the mandibular canal and the anterior anterior loop.
Mandibular foramen.
Mental foramen: 3 branches of the mental nerve emerge from this foramen, providing nerve supply to: the chin, lower lip, existing mucous membranes, gums, up to the second premolar, and the skin surrounding that area of the chin.
Incisive foramen.
Lingual foramen and lateral canals: The importance of this canal lies in the fact that it embraces the arterial anastomoses between the right and left sublingual arteries, so the implant sites must be taken into account so as to avoid the midline in the mandible where this canal is often located.
Mandibular incisive canal: It is an extension of the mandibular canal, and often when taking into account the location of the mental foramen, dental implants are placed without giving the location of the incisive canal any importance, but specialists prefer to evaluate the size of the incisive canal before starting implants, lest it be larger in size ususally; As the person in this case will feel some complications that may hinder the progress of the implant placement process, or perhaps their removal later, in the event that the implant was done without checking the size of this channel and it happened to be of a larger size than usual, as a result of this may result: either a feeling of discomfort during the bone piercing To place the implants, or to feel pain after installing them, which necessitates their removal.
Submental arteries: It is one of the branches of the facial artery, passing below the mylohyoid muscle.
Sublingual arteries: It is one of the branches of the lingual artery, which supplies the floor of the mouth mainly.
The importance of these two arteries – above – during the transplantation process lies in taking into account the area of their passage near the lingual plate, and their branches extend to reach the lingual cortex, which means that unintentional injury to this region may lead to a cut in one of these arteries and cause a hematoma either under the lower jaw or under the lower jaw. tongue, which requires urgent measures to stop and control bleeding.
Lingual nerve: It is one of the branches of the trigeminal nerve (fifth nerve), and its function is summarized in the nerve supply to the mucous membranes of the tongue and its tissues in two-thirds of the anterior region of them, so it is advised to be careful when performing implants in this region and to handle it as gently as possible to avoid any injury possible for the lingual nerve, it is recommended when implanting implants in this area to make incisions
Mylohyoid nerve: The hyoid nerve emerges from the inferior alveolar nerve, and in addition to its function of nerve supply to the mylohyoid muscle and the anterior belly of the digastric muscle, it reaches the root of the first molar in the mandible, which means that anesthesia of this entire region must include this The nerve so that the patient does not feel uncomfortable despite the good anesthesia.
The long buccal nerve: It is one of the branches of the mandibular nerve and its nerve supply reaches the second and third mandibular premolars. Anatomical differences between people must be taken into account, as another nerve can emerge from the long buccal nerve from the retromolar fossa, what It may lead to numbness in the gums and adjacent mucous membranes if the nerve is affected.
The muscles of the lower jaw: 26 muscles (12 pairs and two muscles that exist individually) are associated with the lower jaw.
Parts in the upper jaw:
Maxillary sinus.
Nasal cavity.
Nasopalatine foramen.
Infraorbital foramen.
Greater palatine foramen.
Implant configuration
justice
Implantes dentários.png
A typical conventional implant consists of a titanium screw (which looks like the root of a tooth) with a rough or smooth surface. Most dental implants are made of commercially pure titanium, which is available in four grades depending on the amount of carbon, nitrogen, oxygen and iron included. Cold titanium CP4 (max. impurities %N.05%, C.10%, H.015%, Fe.50%, and %O.40) is the most widely used titanium in implants. Grade 5 titanium, 6AL-4V titanium (refers to a titanium alloy containing 6% aluminum and 4% vanadium alloy) is harder than CP4 and is used mostly in industry for stud bolts.[23][24]
Zircon implant
Most modern dental implants also have a bonded surface (through etching, anodic oxidation, or media blasting) to increase the surface area and osseointegration potential of the implant. If it is C.P titanium or titanium alloy
