Each tooth consists of dentin, which is a tissue covered with tooth enamel. If the tooth enamel layer is removed or the dentin is eroded and becomes visible, then the tooth is in a position that causes it to feel pain.
The receding of the gums that occurs due to severe and non-standard brushing of the teeth can lead to the appearance of the dentin. Other factors that cause sensitivity are broken teeth, bruxism, acidic foods, and others.